"More students pursuing arts and science courses are venturing into entrepreneurship" ❤️

Arts and science colleges enter the arena of entrepreneurism

Today’s The Hindu

21st April 2025

#MCC-MRFInnovationPark

#MadrasChristianCollege

#newspaperinlearning

The MCC-MRF Innovation Park at Madras Christian College. MRF has contributed ₹30 crore from the MRF Foundation to  the establishment of the park.

With the spread of start-up culture, colleges are improving their incubation cells and forging partnerships with the key players in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. As a result, more students pursuing arts and science courses are venturing into entrepreneurship.

Apart from engineering colleges, arts and science colleges in Tamil Nadu are becoming hotbeds for entrepreneurial activity. With innovation and start-up culture spreading, colleges are improving their incubation cells and forging partnerships with the key players in the entrepreneurial ecosystem.

As a result, an increasing number of students pursuing arts and science courses are stepping beyond the traditional careers and venturing into the world of entrepreneurship, bringing fresh ideas and energy to the start-up scene.

At the Madras Christian College (MCC), the seeds for an incubation cell were sown in 2020. In 2022, the start-up support programmes were launched. The incubation cell has been helping students with funding of up to ₹1 lakh. Professors are also given research and development grants.

Becoming big ventures

A handful of start-ups incubated at the MCC have become big ventures. For example, a company, called Vividobots, raised up to ₹2.5 crore and has set up a separate research and development unit at Ambattur. Another start-up, called Allytriz Technologies, has been recognised as one among the top 100 promising start-ups of 2024-25.

PS: You may want to read our past post on how The Week had come out with a prophetic feature (future) in their June 2013 Issue, 12 years ago, HERE.

Interestingly this issue of The Week features MCC among the TOP TEN in the Nation, and the article foregrounds Innovation Parks and Experiential Learning as the Way forward for academia.

Can our Thoughts be Hacked? 💜

Can our Thoughts be Hacked?

#newspaperinlearning

#ResearcherAsSeer  #AuthorAsProphet

#ResearcherIsNotAReporter

19th April 2025 | The Times of India

In today’s Times of India, I came upon this astounding article that highlights the promises and the dangers of the rapidly advancing Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology.

In an engaging discussion, Rajesh PN Rao, Director of Neural Systems Laboratory at University of Washington, talks about the rapid advancements in neurotechnology along with its promises and dangers!

Brain-Computer Interface lets paralysed patients to text, email and browse the web using brain signals. The BCI also stimulates the spinal cord of a person with paralysis to help them walk, says Rajesh Rao.

When asked if BCIs can ‘hack’ our thoughts, Rajesh nods in the affirmative! 😊

Any device that runs software and is connected to the internet opens itself up to the possibility that a malicious actor could hack into it. BCIs are no exception. If the security protocol is not strong enough, the BCI could be hacked and a virus could, in principle, be planted.

A BCI that can both “read” and “write” the brain (record and stimulate) carries an even bigger risk – a future hacker could influence the user’s brain by biasing brain activity towards one choice or another, erase recently stored information by perturbing memory regions of the brain, or even write new information into the brain,

says Rajesh Rao.

Fine! Now let’s take our eyes off the Times of India, and Rajesh Rao!

Let’s for a moment visualise this well-known episode from the TV series Star Trek first shown in 1966, that had such a huge fan following, leading to numerous spin-off series, films, and other transmedial avatars.

In the episode “The Menagerie”, Captain Christopher Pike is shown as severely crippled by a radiation accident. 

(While observing a cadet training cruise aboard an old J-class freighter, the ship’s engine core suffered a baffle plate rupture. This results in several cadets being exposed to a large dose of delta radiation. Captain Pike, without hesitation, exposes himself to the deadly radiation in order to save the lives of the Starfleet cadets. Owing to the intense delta radiation exposure, he is left paralyzed, unable to speak, and badly scarred).

As a result, he is confined to a sophisticated life support chair, and he can only communicate through a light integrated into his wheelchair that allowed him limited interaction with the world through a system of lights and beeps (one for “yes,” two for “no”).

Commodore Mendez, the commander of Starbase 11, describes the condition of Captain Pike as follows –

“He is totally unable to move, Jim. His wheelchair is constructed to respond to his brain waves. He can turn it, move it forwards, backwards slightly. Through a flashing light he can say ‘yes’ or ‘no’. But that’s it, Jim. That is as much as the poor ever can do. His mind is as active as yours and mine, but it’s trapped in a useless vegetating body. He’s kept alive mechanically. A battery-driven heart. ...”

Here, the only way that Captain Pike can communicate with the environment is by means of a device that can read brain signals (aka biosignals) and convert them into control and communication signals.

Although in the 1960s, this was pure science fiction at its creative best, such a device is called a brain–computer interface (BCI).

A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) then, is a system that establishes a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device, such as a computer, prosthetic limb, or other technology.

Electrodes are surgically implanted directly into the brain tissue. This provides the highest quality signals. The measured brain signals are then processed and analyzed by computer algorithms.

These algorithms identify specific patterns in the brain activity that correspond to the user's intentions or commands. Once the brain signals are interpreted, the BCI system translates them into commands that are sent to the external device, allowing the user to control its functions.  

BCI technology is a rapidly evolving field with immense potential to improve the lives of individuals with disabilities and to revolutionize how humans interact with technology, enhancing human interaction with technology! and furthering our understanding of the brain itself.

In short, a BCI allows you to control things with your mind.

Lick (J. C. R. Licklider) is yet another seer of the sixties, (1960s) who pioneered pathbreaking ideas on Interactive Computing, thereby envisioning modern interactive computing in all its avatars. It is quite interesting to note that, even before the internet came into vogue, Lick had conceived the idea of a global computer network! And how!

In March 1960, Lick had published a seminal research paper, “Man-Computer Symbiosis,” in the Journal titled, IRE Transactions on Human Factors in Electronics.

In this paper, he proposes a close partnership between humans and computers to enhance human intellectual capabilities and decision-making.  

I quote –

The hope is that, in not too many years, human brains and computing machines will be coupled together very tightly, and that the resulting partnership will think as no human brain has ever thought and process data in a way not approached by the information handling machines we know today.  (Man-Computer Symbiosis, March 1960)

This blogpost intends to highlight the five key words that form the crux of Lick’s research paper.

Proposed

Envisioned

Conceived

Hoped

As we know today

An impactful research paper would then ‘propose’, ‘envision’, ‘conceive’, ‘hope’ and foresee the future that’s different from ‘how it is envisioned today’, in the respective thrust area.

Researching hence is NOT Reporting!

Many of our researchers today, are just content with passing off their ‘reporting’ as ‘researching’.

If so, then almost all our newspaper reporters should have been given their doctorates long time ago, ain’t they! 😊

A good research paper then, looks at a problem prospectively from the researcher’s unique perspective - by ‘proposing, envisioning, conceiving, foreseeing, hoping’, etc!

Now, coming back –

After Lick, we have an American-born British neurophysiologist, cybernetician, and robotician - Dr. Grey Walter who is credited with demonstrating one of the earliest reported demonstrations of a brain-computer interface in 1964.  

During a lecture, he connected electrodes to a patient’s brain (who was undergoing surgery for other reasons) and linked them to a slide projector. The patient was able to advance the slides using only their thoughts.  

Although he presented this insightful work to a group called the Oster Society in London, unfortunately [unlike Lick], Dr. Walter did not publish this principal step forward.

As a result, there was little progress in BCI research for almost four decades after that. Only a dozen labs were engaged in serious BCI research. Only after the year 2010, did BCI research really gather steam.

So the takeaway from this blogpost is simply this –

Lick had a unique, overpowering idea within him. He analysed this idea, researched on it further, and published it. As a result for the next many years, related research flourished.

However, Dr. Grey, although he too had such overpowering ideas welling up within, he failed to publish the same in journals or books, resulting in a stagnation of research in the field for more than forty years from then on!

Speaks to the importance of having your unique thoughts and ideas published in scholarly research papers as and when they well-up within you! 😊

PS: You may want to read our past post on How to Identify a Good Conference/Seminar? HERE on our blog.

Works Cited

Bernhard Graimann, et al. Ed. Brain–Computer Interfaces: Revolutionizing Human–Computer Interaction. London: Springer, 2010.

“Intermediaries will evolve to add value…" 💜 | "In just 10 minutes" 💜

What Bill Gates predicted about Amazon, Google and Instamart 26 years ago!

#AuthorAsProphet #Reflections

This evening, while ordering a few things on Instamart, I was surprised when the app said that, the things that I’ve ordered will be delivered within four minutes!

[If by any chance, it exceeds four minutes, as a privileged BlackMember, I get a discount of Rs. 100/- on my next order, it assured me as well!] 😊

I was pleasantly surprised at the pace in which business has evolved, today.

The one book that immediately comes to my mind is Business @ the Speed of Thought by Bill Gates and Collins Hemingway.

When Bill Gates and Collins gave us this 1999 book they were doubling up as digital prophets foregrounding a range of possibilities in the world of business.

Business at the ‘speed of thought’! 😊

You name it! We'll get it in just ten minutes! promises this Instamart carrybag! 😊

Well, so in essence, they (Bill and Collins) were in fact visualising a digital nervous system for the future of business and for business entrepreneurs to bring their businesses to automatic mode, to maximise their profits!

One important point that Bill and Collins mention here in this book is noteworthy for our discussion here –

“Intermediaries will evolve to add value… Customer service will become the primary value added function in every business”.

How true their words prove, today!

An online intermediary, by the way, is a third-party entity that operates online to facilitate interactions, transactions, or the flow of information between two or more other parties. They act as the customary middleman, providing a platform or service that connects individuals, businesses, or content.

By that yardstick, Google is categorised as an ‘intermediary’ under Section 21(1)(w) of the IT Act.

Most of us know about instances in law courts, when Google has tried to wriggle out of penal proceedings, citing their services as a mere ‘intermediary’, as per Section 79 of Information Technology Act, 2000, and hence not liable for content uploaded by third parties.

YouTube is also considered an intermediary under the Information Technology Act, 2000.

Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp, along with online marketplaces like Amazon and Flipkart, cab aggregators like Ola, Uber, etc are also considered intermediaries, while travel aggregators like makemytrip are also called travel intermediaries.

If Business @ the Speed of Thought foregrounds intermediaries as the dons of the digital nervous systems of the future, then - 

Yuval discusses the decline in humanism that corresponds with the rise of dataism, in his 2015 book titled, Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow.

Dataism declares that the universe consists of data flows, and therefore, data processing becomes the ultimate source of value, rendering humans obsolete if AI becomes better at it, thereby serving as both a prediction and a warning about the future we are potentially creating for ourselves.

“Literature always anticipates life” said the renowned Irish writer Oscar Wilde!

Indeed, a good author thus doubles up as a prophet of sorts - predicting the future by keenly observing existing social, technological, and scientific trends and then logically extending those trends into the future.

A good author is also a visionary thinker, (an organic intellectual like Yuval especially!) who explore the “what if” scenarios based on the present trajectories.

To be continued…

PS: You may want to read our past post on ‘What If’ or the Counterfactual Imagination, HERE on our blog.

"What the Teacher Knows is different from what the Learner Needs" 💜💜💜 #reflections

Why our Present Systems [of Assessing the Student] are Deeply Outdated!

A Case for A Huge Overhaul in Student Assessment and Evaluation

And A Plea for - Dismantling conservative ideas, challenging outmoded and outdated norms, and disrupting the status quo!

#reflections 

16th April 2025

Today a few of us colleagues were having a very spirited and rewarding discussion time on how to break free of some of the slavish adherence in academia to succumb (albeit willy-nilly) to the trap of the traditional modes of assessing and evaluating a student’s potential.

Well, gone are the days of the ‘chalk and talk’ – teacher-driven approach – wherein the teacher was tasked with dutifully ‘delivering’ knowledge to the learner!

In today’s context, the teacher’s role has been relegated to that of a mere ‘facilitator’ of knowledge, something akin to the likes of a ‘catalyst’ that Eliot speaks of, in his TLS-famed ‘Tradition and the Individual Talent’ essay.

As such, modes of assessment and evaluation of the student’s potential also need a huge overhaul and a radical revisioning of sorts.

It is true that, written examinations have for centuries, served as the primary means of gauging a student’s competencies. However, in this data-driven digital age that we dwell in, it is imperative for the teacher to be aware of the limitations (and the pitfalls) of traditional assessment.

These standardized testing methods of yore (including today’s LOCF) are conducted in a formal set-up, where students are required to rigorously respond to a ‘set of questions’ ‘set’ by ‘some’ professor, from within their own limited and limiting perspective of literature, and the student is asked to jot down their responses to the professor’s questions, within the stipulated time-frame, which again is doubly-restrictive for the student!

One of my past colleagues in the American College – Dr. Chandramohan Nair - used to say this axiomatic statement time and again –

‘As teachers, we should always bear in mind that, what we know, is different from what the learner needs!’

Well, this statement, that he said, 23 years ago, hold much-o-much relevance even today.

Coming back –

As a teacher, personally, it is my sincere wish and desire that - the limitations of the traditional methods of assessment, are intensely discussed and debated in Colloquiums, Panels, Symposiums, Conferences and Seminars.

In fact, I strongly feel that, these traditional methods of assessment drastically deny agency to the student!

They more often focus on assessing the cognitive skills alone, leaving aside the other crucial aspects of a student’s potential – like creative skills, critical-thinking skills, problem-solving skills, collaboration skills, communication skills, people-skills, etc.

Over the years, we as teachers would have witnessed our students demonstrating exceptional felicity of expression when it comes to acing their written examinations, bagging the top ranks in class! However, the same top-ranked students would be lagging behind in their people-skills or creative skills, by miles!

That’s because by default, (and my apologies if I’m rubbing someone on the wrong side on this) 😊 traditional written examinations inadvertently encourage rote memorization rather than the ability to apply knowledge in real-world contexts.

And most importantly, these traditional modes of examination focus solely on the final product – i.e., the final marks / grades of the student – one reason why students today have this very insanely habit of comparing their marks with the marks of their classmates, pressurised into this situation by the emphasis on marks and ranks as the sole evaluative criteria of a student’s capabilities!

It’s time the system undergoes a radical revisionism and a systematic overhaul of sorts!

As the fabulous Pablo Picasso so beautifully said it –

“Every act of creation is first an act of destruction”

Looks quite paradoxical and counter-intuitive, ain’t it? 😊

Well, that’s because, we tend to normally assume that, the very process of destruction by default connotes to mean demolition, decay, and obliteration.

To Picasso, however, this ‘destruction’ of the old order is of paramount importance and significance, because, it clears the space for the ‘new’ to emerge!

So it’s a kind of positive destruction or creative destruction! (Yes, why not rope in Derrida as well!)

And this ‘act of creative destruction’ requires the vigorous dismantling of old and outdated ideas, challenging outmoded norms, and disrupting the status quo!

To Joseph Schumpeter, the renowned economist, “This creative destruction, is the driving force of real progress”.

Well, the time has indeed come for academia to confront head-on these limiting beliefs, and to dismantle unhealthy examination practices of yore, to make way for new perspectives, new knowledge and newer modes of understanding. 

I wish to quote from my favourite German philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche’s power-lines in his Gay Science –

For believe me! — the secret for harvesting from existence the greatest fruitfulness and the greatest enjoyment is: to live dangerously!

Build your cities on the slopes of Vesuvius! Send your ships into uncharted seas!

Live at war with your peers and yourselves!

Be robbers and conquerors as long as you cannot be rulers and possessors, you seekers of knowledge!

Soon the age will be past when you could be content to live hidden in forests like shy deer!

At long last the search for knowledge will reach out for its due: — it will want to rule and possess, and you with it!”

The takeaway? 😉

Creation ain’t ex nihilo. It’s rather ex materia! 😊 which necessitates a disruption and a dismantling of the old order!

Let me now end this blogpost with the concluding lines of the famous speech by Martin Luther – at the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D. C.

And when this happens, and when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, Black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual: Free at last. Free at last. Thank God almighty, we are free at last!

Yes! free from the tyranny of tradition!

Free from the tyranny of written examinations! 😊

That’s when every MCC-ian would join Thoreau and proclaim -

“I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately” 😊

“I’ve always wanted to work on a novel but then I wanted it to be visually appealing as well – especially for those in my demographic who didn't like to read” ❤️

Meet Ms. Catherine – A Passionate Digital Artist

Freewheeling Discussion | Today

Charlotte Pourquoi | II BA English Class

Meet Ms. Catherine aka Charlotte Pourquoi – a budding digital artist from the II BA English Class, who’s so passionate about her digital art.

Today I had given her an appointment to meet with me at 10 am in my Office.

I was simply bowled over by the immense range and breadth of her knowledge of digital art, copies of which she had on display for me at my Office.

I was happily going through each of her art works that she had so meticulously done, when, much to her pleasant surprise, I started off on a freewheeling discussion with Ms. Pourquoi on her tryst with digital art. The discussions went on for well over 30 minutes, and I was quite amazed at the insights that she had to offer on Digital Art.

Before we continue on the interview, I’ve got a few ruminations aka a teacher’s little ponderings - for all of us - on the advantages of intergenerational learning!

Well, kids of the Gen Z Era have grown up in a period that is characterized by rapid technological advancements, digital native status, social media integration, and exposure to diverse global issues from a very young age.

These experiences have significantly moulded their perspectives and values, and hence there is much to be gained by older generations actively engaging with and learning from their perspectives.

Added, as digital natives, kids of the Gen Z era possess an innate understanding of technology, social media, and online communication. They can offer invaluable insights into leveraging these tools effectively.

This blogpost hence, also doubles up as a call to recognize and to acknowledge the influence of the unique experiences of kids of the Gen Z Era, by looking up with a sense of awe at their art offerings –and the potential they offer for a rewarding intergenerational learning - with the added potential to improve well-being and strengthen relationships across generations.

Now, over to Ms. Catherine -

Dr. Rufus: Catherine, how did you get into digital art? Or, what made you excited about digital art?

Ms. Catherine: Well, sir, I started with digital art, back in the year 2016. There was this cartoon series titled,  ‘Ever After High’ right? It was actually a spinoff of the original Disney characters.

But because there wasn’t enough funding, and due to financial pressures, they couldn’t sustain the project. And so, uh, they did produce a couple of episodes and I love the character design of each of the characters. I used to take each of those characters and then redesign their costumes. 

There was this Paint software called Paint 3D or something, where I pixelate each of the existing characters and then make a new outfit. But I didn't draw anything. I just redid the outfits. 

And then I started looking up a lot of upcoming digital artists on Pinterest.

Dr. Rufus: Any popular digital artists you are fond of?

Ms. Catherine: Well, there is Sam Does Arts. He is one of the top digital artists. And there’s an illustrator - her name is Sara Faber. She is based in Berlin. She’s been doing digital art from 2014, and she grew on Instagram from 2016. She was one of my earliest Inspirations. I loved her art style. They mostly build a platform on Patreon.

Dr. Rufus: Patreon? What's that?

Ms. Catherine: I mentioned it earlier. So it’s basically like a subscription System. Patreon is primarily used as a subscription-based platform where creators, like artists, can earn a recurring income by offering exclusive content and perks to their fans in exchange for monthly or annual subscriptions ranging from half a dollar to one dollar and more! 

Depending on paying the higher end or in the lower end, you'll get early access to all their stuff sketches and right behind the scenes. So that's how they substantiate their art career and they continue to do so.

I guess she has more than 40,000 plus patreon subscribers, and most of the subscribers pay him dollars per month, and he has a YouTube channel with 1 million subscribers as well.

Dr. Rufus: So what made you really plunge into digital art?

Ms. Catherine: So I’ve always wanted to create a novel, I mean, to work on a novel but then I wanted it to be visually appealing as well – especially for those who didn't want to read because even at that point in 2016 whom a lot of people in my demographic didn’t like to read!. 

But they were more interested in visual aspects Like Comics and Comics have been there for a really long time and they were really drawn to it! I wanted to do it on web toon but then at that point I only had a phone. So that's when I started drawing with my hand on my phone.

Dr. Rufus: You started drawing with your hand on your phone?

Ms. Catherine: Yes sir. And on the software called Ibis Paint. So the first video from this present series that I’m doing on YouTube, is actually drawn on my phone with my hand.

Dr. Rufus: Okay. So you started Digital Art with your phone?

Ms. Catherine: Yes. I was so passionate about it. For six months, I worked with my hand on my phone and then my mom got me a Stylus. So I drew it with the stylus on my phone, and then my mentor, gifted me an iPad, right before he got married. It was very sweet of him. That's when I got into a digital art.

Dr. Rufus: With the advent of AI Studio Ghibli, and these AI driven systems of art, how do you think your art form will carve a niche for itself in the digital platform?

Earlier on when I didn’t have the skill set to create what I wanted to, there was this platform Animaker – It’s the world's first Avatar Powered Presentation Software, where you can create your own avatars.

Dr. Rufus: Like, how do you create?

Ms. Catherine: There are some default options, like running or sitting down that you can do to the character. Okay? So what I did was the first version of the comic. Basically, I created like four of those characters. And then I use stock footage in the background and then create text bubbles, but it wasn't a free platform. 

So, I screen-print and then crop each panel and then redo it again because it was very limited stuff for the free version. Then I realized you have a free version. That was the free version. But if you download it you'll get the watermark. I didn't want the watermark though.

I didn’t want the watermark and screenprint, but I wasn’t paying for the software as well. So technically all of that wasn’t ethical. And it got to me at one point where I realized that you know, if I’m putting it out there and if I’m going to earn money off of this, it wouldn’t be right to take someone else’s stock footage, right without their permission. And that’s why I decided to not release that!

It’s got to come out as a fun video instead. But so considering that I think. I understand what it's like to want visual aspects without having a skill set!

Dr. Rufus: You said it right! What’s your take on Ghibli AI?

Ms. Catherine: I emphathise with the original creators of Ghibli Art. However, generative AI isn’t that bad all together! Because I think corporates don't value creatives as much.

Dr. Rufus: How do you want to take this forward?

Ms. Catherine: Honestly. Regardless of how much AI comes in, I think, the quality of the humane touch is what sets apart human creators apart from AI generated content. So in that sense, the story that you have in your head,  can only be brought forth by you.

No matter what software might be to help you bridge that Gap. If you are in control, of what you're doing, then, you know what’s being put out there. Otherwise, you’re not clear of the intent!

Your story has depths and layers of value and AI can’t replace it anytime! And that will always be something that sets creators apart! in that sense, I don't think AI can replace human creativity.

Dr. Rufus: What is the scope of Digital Art for the future of academia?

Ms. Catherine: Digial Art has still not evolved fully as yet. There are a lot of primers on Digital Art though, that come up with creative fields like animation Motion Graphics, 3D modelling, etc.

Dr. Rufus: Do you think there are passionate people equally interested in digital art like you in college?

Ms. Catherine: I've met people who occasionally try using digital art. Not digital artists.

Dr. Rufus: So you mean to say that a heightened awareness of digital art has not yet caught up with the masses as yet?

Ms. Catherine: Yes, Not too much. In the sense there is an awareness in terms of like - if there's custom-made portraits or something of that sort. They don't know digital art as something that you can do apart from just custom-portraits. Like like let’s say, someone's getting married and I want to give them a gift. So I contact a digital artist to make a portrait of them. Then people are like, oh, digital artists!

Dr. Rufus: Have you come across a professional applications of Digital Art?

I'm not exposed to local culture per se a lot, but in the global scale what I've noticed is – the animation effects for Spiderman. They really make use of each artist's stylization and prioritize that. So there is immense scope for digital art in the professional stream. Also. Yes, especially in the cinema industry.

Dr. Rufus: My last question for you - Do you think traditional artists are a dying breed?

Ms. Catherine: I don't think so. I used to think so. So we had this debate. Where I had to speak for generative Ai and that opened my mind to a lot of things. Including the fact that things like AI, things like digital art! It was a fun event. I was there as a mock team. But it opened my mind in the sense that digital art in itself is a new relatively new concept and AI is even newer. And traditional art is the base of it. 

But just because something comes up doesn't mean that the previous art form is abandoned, and doesn't mean that, it's value gets diminished!, It’s just that, the perspective you have on it changes. And you see that though the number of people who value it, reduces to some extent. The ones that truly appreciate it, appreciate it, even further!

Now, I was pouring myself a hot cup of coffee from my coffee maker, when I asked Catherine about her great love for coffee.

Dr. Rufus: I know you love cold coffee…

Ms. Catherine: Yes sir. Very much. So right before College, when I wake up, I make coffee and then right before, I'm leaving, I'll put all the ice cubes in it.

Dr. Rufus: Interesting. So how do you do it? What's the recipe?

Ms. Catherine: Well, I put one tablespoon or 3/4th of a tablespoon of coffee powder, then you add the water, and let it boil. Don't let it burn, though. Let it boil, and then switch it off. Let it cool down. And then you add all the ice cubes, and then you put the coffee in. So, it creates this water-kind of layer. It blends with the water, and it gives this very holistic taste, that’s so yummy! I use Continental Coffee, and it’s available in most stores, as well,

signs off, Ms. Catherine.

Catherine has her Insta page where you can subscribe to her Digital Art Creations.

https://www.instagram.com/charlotte_pourquoi?igsh=ZGphdGl5d2RobWw2

She’s also got her own exciting YouTube Channel where she’s presently doing a 10-day Challenge on her tryst with Digital Art here. 

https://youtube.com/@charlottepourquoi?si=pDOjIKF4XfJGa3i6

Here’s wishing Ms. Catherine the best in all her noble artistic endeavours!